Procedural Programming
A function is a combination of instructions
that are combined to achieve some result. A
function typically requires some input (called
arguments) and returns some results. For
example, consider the example of driving a
car. To determine the mileage, you need to
perform a calculation using the distance driven
and the amount of fuel used. You could write a
function to do this calculation. The arguments
going into the function would be distance and
fuel consumption, and the result would be
mileage. Anytime you want to determine the
mileage, you simply call the function to
perform the calculation.
Object-Orientation Programming
A class is a blueprint of an object. You can
think of a class as a concept, and the object is
the embodiment of that concept. You need to
have a class before you can create an object.
So, let's say you want to use a person in your
program. You want to be able to describe the
person and have the person do something. A
class called 'person' would provide a blueprint
for what a person looks like and what a person
can do. To actually use a person in your
program you need to create an object. You use
the person class to create an object of the type
'person.' Now you can describe this person and
have it do something.
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